Compare Christmas Island (2006) - Saint Helena (2004)

Compare Christmas Island (2006) z Saint Helena (2004)

	Christmas Island (2006)	Saint Helena (2004)

Administrative divisions	none (territory of Australia)	1 administrative area and 2 dependencies; Ascension, Saint Helena, Tristan da Cunha*
Age structure	0-14 years: NA 15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA (2006 est.)	0-14 years: 18.9% (male 710; female 689) 15-64 years: 71.4% (male 2,739; female 2,559) 65 years and over: 9.7% (male 319; female 399) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products	NA	corn, potatoes, vegetables; timber; fish, crawfish (on Tristan da Cunha)
Airports	1 (2006)	1 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2006)	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 135 sq km land: 135 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 410 sq km land: 410 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Saint Helena Island, Ascension, and the island group of Tristan da Cunha, which consists of Tristan da Cunha Island, Gough Island, Inaccessible Island, and the three Nightingale Islands
Area - comparative	about three-quarters the size of Washington, DC	slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC
Background	Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement began by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. Almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park.	Uninhabited when first discovered by the Portuguese in 1502, Saint Helena was garrisoned by the British during the 17th century. It acquired fame as the place of Napoleon BONAPARTE's exile, from 1815 until his death in 1821, but its importance as a port of call declined after the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. Ascension Island is the site of a US Air Force auxiliary airfield; Gough Island has a meteorological station.
Birth rate	NA	12.68 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget	revenues: $NA expenditures: $NA	revenues: $11.2 million expenditures: $11 million, including capital expenditures of NA (FY92/93)
Capital	name: The Settlement geographic coordinates: 18 44 N, 64 19 W time difference: UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)	Jamestown
Climate	tropical with a wet and dry season; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds; wet season (December to April)	Saint Helena - tropical; marine; mild, tempered by trade winds; Tristan da Cunha - temperate; marine, mild, tempered by trade winds (tends to be cooler than Saint Helena)
Coastline	138.9 km	60 km
Constitution	Christmas Island Act of 1958-59 (1 October 1958) as amended by the Territories Law Reform Act of 1992	1 January 1989
Country name	conventional long form: Territory of Christmas Island conventional short form: Christmas Island	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Saint Helena
Currency	-	Saint Helenian pound (SHP)
Death rate	NA	6.47 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external	-	NA (1996)
Dependency status	non-self governing territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services	overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territory of Australia)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territory of Australia)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	$NA	$12.6 million (1995); note - $5.3 million from UK (1997)
Economy - overview	Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened. With the support of the government, a $34 million casino opened in 1993. The casino closed in 1998. The Australian Government in 2001 agreed to support the creation of a commercial space-launching site on the island, projected to begin operations in the near future.	The economy depends largely on financial assistance from the UK, which amounted to about $5 million in 1997 or almost one-half of annual budgetary revenues. The local population earns income from fishing, the raising of livestock, and sales of handicrafts. Because there are few jobs, 25% of the work force has left to seek employment on Ascension Island, on the Falklands, and in the UK.
Electricity - consumption	-	4.65 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	-	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	-	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	-	5 million kWh (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Murray Hill 361 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha 2,060 m
Environment - current issues	loss of rainforest; impact of phosphate mining	NA
Ethnic groups	Chinese 70%, European 20%, Malay 10% note: no indigenous population (2001)	African descent 50%, white 25%, Chinese 25%
Exchange rates	Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001)	Saint Helenian pounds per US dollar - 0.6661 (2002), 0.6944 (2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998),
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general head of government: Administrator Neil LUCAS (since 30 January 2006) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Governor and Commander in Chief David HOLLAMBY (since 1999); Michael CLANCY (taking office in October 2004) cabinet: Executive Council consists of the governor, two ex officio officers, and six elected members of the Legislative Council elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor is appointed by the monarch
Exports	$NA	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	phosphate	fish (frozen, canned, and salt-dried skipjack, tuna), coffee, handicrafts
Exports - partners	Australia, NZ (2004)	US 26.7%, Tanzania 21.9%, Indonesia 9.4%, UK 8.7%, Japan 7.4%, Netherlands 7.2%, Nigeria 6.8%, Poland 5%, Spain 4.9% (2003)
Fiscal year	1 July - 30 June	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	territorial flag; divided diagonally from upper hoist to lower fly; the upper triangle is green with a yellow image of the Golden Bosun Bird superimposed, while the lower triangle is blue with the Southern Cross constellation, representing Australia, superimposed; a centered yellow disk displays a green map of the island; the flag of Australia is used for official purposes	blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Saint Helenian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield features a rocky coastline and three-masted sailing ship
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $18 million (1998 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $2,500 (1998 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-	NA
Geographic coordinates	10 30 S, 105 40 E	15 56 S, 5 42 W
Geography - note	located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean	harbors at least 40 species of plants unknown anywhere else in the world; Ascension is a breeding ground for sea turtles and sooty terns
Highways	-	total: 198 km (Saint Helena 138 km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 20 km) paved: 168 km (Saint Helena 118km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 10 km) unpaved: 30 km (Saint Helena 20 km, Ascension 0 km, Tristan da Cunha 10 km) (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA
Imports	$NA	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	consumer goods	food, beverages, tobacco, fuel oils, animal feed, building materials, motor vehicles and parts, machinery and parts
Imports - partners	principally Australia (2004)	UK 29.1%, South Africa 24.7%, Spain 16.4%, Italy 8.8%, Tanzania 8.2%, US 5.8% (2003)
Independence	none (territory of Australia)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate	-	NA
Industries	tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion)	construction, crafts (furniture, lacework, fancy woodwork), fishing
Infant mortality rate	total: NA male: NA female: NA	total: 19.85 deaths/1,000 live births male: 23.7 deaths/1,000 live births female: 15.81 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	3.2% (1997 est.)
International organization participation	none	ICFTU, UPU
Irrigated land	NA	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court	Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court; Small Debts Court; Juvenile Court
Labor force	NA	3,500 note: 1,200 work offshore (1998 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	-	agriculture and fishing 6%, industry (mainly construction) 48%, services 46% (1987 est.)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (mainly tropical rainforest; 63% of the island is a national park) (2005)	arable land: 12.9% permanent crops: 0% other: 87.1% (2001)
Languages	English (official), Chinese, Malay	English
Legal system	under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law	NA
Legislative branch	unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held in May 2005 (next to be held in May 2007) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 9	unicameral Legislative Council (16 seats, including the speaker, 3 ex officio and 12 elected members; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: last held 27 June 2001 (next to be held NA June 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 15
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA male: NA female: NA	total population: 77.57 years male: 74.67 years female: 80.61 years (2004 est.)
Literacy	NA	definition: age 20 and over can read and write total population: 97% male: 97% female: 98% (1987 est.)
Location	Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia	islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, about midway between South America and Africa
Map references	Southeast Asia	Africa
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	-	none
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of Australia	defense is the responsibility of the UK
National holiday	Australia Day, 26 January (1788)	Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926)
Nationality	noun: Christmas Islander(s) adjective: Christmas Island	noun: Saint Helenian(s) adjective: Saint Helenian
Natural hazards	the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard	active volcanism on Tristan da Cunha
Natural resources	phosphate, beaches	fish
Net migration rate	NA	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Political parties and leaders	none	none
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	none
Population	1,493 (July 2006 est.)	7,415 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	NA
Population growth rate	0% (2006 est.)	0.62% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	Georgetown (on Ascension), Jamestown
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2006)	AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions	Buddhist 36%, Muslim 25%, Christian 18%, other 21% (1997)	Anglican (majority), Baptist, Seventh-Day Adventist, Roman Catholic
Sex ratio	NA	at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage	-	NA years of age
Telephone system	general assessment: service provided by the Australian network domestic: GSM mobile telephone service replaced older analog system in February 2005 international: country code - 61-8; satellite earth stations - one INTELSAT earth station provides telephone and telex service (2005)	general assessment: can communicate worldwide domestic: automatic network international: country code - 290; HF radiotelephone from Saint Helena to Ascension Island, which is a major coaxial submarine cable relay point between South Africa, Portugal, and UK; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	NA	2,200 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	NA	0 (1997)
Television broadcast stations	0; note - TV broadcasts received via satellite from mainland Australia (2006)	0 note: television programs are received in Saint Helena via satellite and distributed by cable (2002)
Terrain	steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau	Saint Helena - rugged, volcanic; small scattered plateaus and plains note: the other islands of the group have a volcanic origin
Total fertility rate	NA	1.54 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate	-	14% (1998 est.)

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